Nitrous Oxide is a chemical compound whose chemical formula is N2O and is commonly known as laughing gas. At room temperature Nitrous Oxide is a colorless and nonflammable gas, with a sweet taste and odor. Nitrous Oxide is the major naturally occurring regulator of stratospheric ozone. In surgery it is used as an anesthetic. After inhaling it one feels a euphoric effect and this has led to its use as a recreational inhalant drug. In rocketry and in motor racing Nitrous Oxide is used to increase engine power output. It does this by increasing air and fuel intake that is burnt in the cylinders.
Nitrous Oxide gas was first synthesized by the natural philosopher and English chemist Joseph Priestley in 1775. He named the gas phlogisticated nitrous air. He described the preparation of nitrous air diminished through heating iron fillings that were dampened with nitric acid. After his discovery Joseph Priestley declared that he had discovered air that was six times as good as common air. A few years later Humphrey Davy and a group of poets tested the gas and made further discovery, that Nitrous Oxide dulled the sensation of pain when inhaled, even when the inhaler was semi-conscious. This led to its use as an anesthetic in surgery and dentistry.
In vehicle racing Nitrous Oxide is used to increase combustion by causing the engine burn more fuel and air. Though the gas is not flammable it delivers more oxygen than atmospheric air by breaking down at elevated temperatures. Nitrous Oxide is stored in form of compressed liquid. When the liquid Nitrous Oxide expands and evaporates in the intake manifold, it causes the intake charge temperature to drop considerably. This process results in a denser charge allowing more air and fuel mixture into the cylinder powering the engine further. Nitrous Oxide can be injected into the intake manifold or directly before the cylinder in order to increase engine power.
Nitrous Oxide is manufactured by heating Ammonium Nitrate until it decomposes to water vapor and Nitrous Oxide. The addition of phosphates leads to the formation of a much purer gas at lower temperatures. At temperatures between 170 - 240 degrees centigrade Ammonium Nitrate is a powerful oxidizer and a moderately sensitive explosive Autel MaxiSys MS906BT. Above 240 degrees the exothermic reaction needs to be cooled down to avoid detonation. The mixture of gases needs to be cleaned thrice to condense the steam, filter high oxides of nitrogen and ammonium nitrate smoke which is a persistent colloid. Nitric oxide is reduced with iron metal or it is oxidized and then absorbed in a base in form of a higher oxide Autel MaxiTPMS PAD.
When Nitrous Oxide is used in a reciprocating engine, energy increases can be produced, which can also damage the engine. Nitrous Oxide augmentation of internal combustion engines should therefore maintain proper operating temperatures as well as fuel levels as this prevents pre-ignition and detonation, what is commonly referred to as "knocking". By allowing a much denser charge into the cylinder, Nitrous Oxide increases cylinder pressure, which consequently causes the heat to increase.
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